Computer networking professionals getting started with Packet Tracer
may find the interface to be flustered. Being a development program, this is
only natural. However, learning how to configure a router with Packet Tracer
will put professionals on the right track to mastering the program in about
half an hour.
By this time, you should already have the Packet Tracer download and
have it installed on your computer. Open the program and select the router from
the lower left-hand corner, and drag it into the center of the sandbox screen
as seen below.
(Click for larger picture)
We will be setting up a very basic network that allows two computers to
communicate, so the next step is to select end devices from
the bottom left-hand corner and drag it to the sandbox screen. Do this twice to
make two computers appear below the router.
Now select connections from the same bottom left-hand
corner. When you connect like-devices(Such as a router and computer) you
use a crossover cable, so you should select copper cross-over cable
from the second menu to the immediate right. Click on Router0, and
connect the cable via FastEthernet0/0 as seen below:
Now click the PC0 and select FastEthernet. You will
notice that although a link is established, it is not functional. You can tell
by the red dots that are present on both ends of the connection. Once the
router is configured correctly, the red dots will turn green to indicate the
devices are able to communicate.
Do the same operation to PC1, only this time connect the cable
to FastEthernet0/1 since FastEthernet0/0 is already taken by PC0.
Your network should be similar to the one below at this point:
Configuring The Router In Packet Tracer
A router that is turned off doesn’t work very well! Click on your
router to bring up the configuration menu and verify that it is turned on.When
on, there will be a small green light below the switch as seen in the diagram.
Next we have to open the Ethernet ports to allow communication.
Although they are physically connected, they are in a state that is known as
being in administrative shut down. Now click on the CLI
tab to access the configuration menu. If you’ve used the Cisco IOS
before, you will notice it looks and acts the same way.
1. Press RETURN to start the session
2. Type enable to get to privileged
mode (this gives you more options in configuring the router)
3. Type config terminal (or config
t for short) to access the configuration menu.
4. Type interface fastethernet0/0 to
access Ethernet0/0
5. Type ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
to assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface.
6. Type no shutdown to open the interface
up for business.
That’s it! You should now see a message similar to the following:
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Now we have to do the same thing for fastethernet0/1. If you
don’t, there still won’t be a connection to PC1! Make sure to enter the IP
address carefully as seen below:
1. Press Ctrl + Z to go back to the
previous mode.
1. Type interface fastethernet0/1
2. Type ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
3. Type no shutdown
At this point our router is configured properly. If you test out a
ping, you will notice that the computers still don’t communicate, however!
Configuring The Gateway In Packet Tracer
Our last step is to configure the gateway on each desktop computer. The
gateway is the address we assigned to the Ethernet port that the desktop is
connected to. It will allow the computer to interface with another network, so
our ping won’t work without it!
Click on PC0 to bring up the configuration menu. Under global settings
you will find a field for the gateway. Enter the corresponding IP address of
the router’s interface, which is 192.168.10.1. Then click the
FastEthernet tab on the left column to set the actual computer’s IP address to
be on the network. Use 192.168.10.2 for the IP address, and 255.255.255.0
for the subnet mask.
Do the same thing for PC1, only use 192.168.20.1 for
the gateway address, 192.168.20.2 for the IP address, and 255.255.255.0
for the subnet mask. You can confirm that your network works by sending out a
packet of information from PC0 to PC1, and vice versa. Click the packet icon on
the right menu as seen below:
Click on PC0 and then click PC1. On the lower right of the screen you
will see a message box that says “Successful.” If it doesn’t, you may have had
a syntax error when putting in an IP address or router configuration command.
Review your work or ask for help among the community if you are stuck.
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